Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers, called myelin, leading to inflammation and damage. This damage disrupts the flow of electrical impulses between the brain and the rest of the body, resulting in a wide range of symptoms, including fatigue, muscle weakness, visual disturbances, and problems with coordination and balance. MS is a complex condition with varying levels of severity and symptoms that can come and go over time. While there is currently no cure, treatments are available to help manage symptoms and slow disease progression. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for optimizing outcomes and improving the quality of life for individuals with MS.