This is why it is necessary to use Lean concepts and methodologies such as 'value stream mapping', and 'process modeling' that not only help in reducing cycle times, but also help in reducing operational costs and improving operational efficiencies. Increased cycle times can easily hamper the successful launch of new drugs and other clinical products, technologies and applications, because in today's highly competitive P&B industry, getting the advantage of being first makes all the difference between success and failure.